Note: Linux distributions shipping GCC 4.9.x can not use Clang to compile for now because of a GCC bug. You have to use GCC instead.
While compiling you may get one error like: "c++: internal compiler error: Killed (program cc1plus)" the reasons of this can be:

Low ram/swap amount: increase ram/swap to a minimum of 2GB of ram and 2GB of swap or decrease the amount of make -j to 1.
Selinux kernel: change to one non-Selinux kernel or use Debian 9 or Ubuntu 16 compiling with clang or compile without pch.

Debian based distributions (recommended)

Recommendation: Use apt-get with stable source list instead of install packages. We recommend the latest stable version of your distribution. Avoid LTS versions since we usually update requirements to the lastest stable Debian version. Mixing stable with experimental packages may break your linux OS.

Tested for Debian 8.4.0 and Ubuntu 16.04.

apt-get install git cmake make gcc g++ libmysqlclient-dev libssl-dev libbz2-dev libreadline-dev libncurses-dev
apt-get install libboost-dev libboost-thread-dev libboost-system-dev libboost-filesystem-dev libboost-program-options-dev libboost-iostreams-dev
apt-get install mysql-server p7zip

Not supported: Debian 7, Ubuntu 14.04.

Fedora based distributions

Tested for Fedora 23.

dnf install git cmake make gcc gcc-c++ mariadb-devel openssl-devel bzip2-devel readline-devel ncurses-devel
dnf install boost-devel
dnf install mariadb-server p7zip

Red Hat based distributions

yum install epel-release
yum install git cmake3 make gcc gcc-c++ mariadb-devel openssl-devel bzip2-devel readline-devel ncurses-devel

yum install libquadmath-devel python-devel
curl -L https://sourceforge.net/projects/boost/files/boost/1.61.0/boost_1_61_0.tar.gz/download -o boost_1_61_0.tar.gz
tar -zxvf boost_1_61_0.tar.gz
cd boost_1_61_0
./bootstrap.sh
./b2
./b2 install

yum install mariadb-server p7zip 

Note: Some distribution versions might not match our requirements for CMake. If you can't install the EPEL repository on your build server, use the following instructions to install CMake manually.

curl https://cmake.org/files/v3.6/cmake-3.6.1.tar.gz -o cmake-3.6.1.tar.gz
tar -zxvf cmake-3.6.1.tar.gz
cd cmake-3.6.1
./bootstrap
make
make install

Help

If you still have any problem, check:

• Updating or starting with TrinityCore issues, Trouble with your TrinityCore Install / Readme 1st / FAQs
• Ask help on the Forum
• If you still have problems, you can try to ask help on IRC, but remember it's not real time 24/7 support, most of people there lives on GMT and they can be sleeping or working.